This web page was produced as an assignment for Genetics 564, an undergraduate course at UW-Madison.
What are protein interaction networks?
Protein interaction are important for better understanding cellular components and processes. If protein-protein interactions are interrupted, it can be detrimental to the cellular components and processes needed to maintain normal functioning. Protein interaction networks can be used to visually represent protein-protein interactions [1]. Ultimately, the protein interactions depicted in these networks can indicate the potential functions of the protein of interest.
What proteins interact with SEMA5A?
- PLXNB3 (plexin B3)- (receptor for SEMA5A) plays a role in axon guidance, invasive growth, and cell migration
- TAS2R1- (taste receptor) plays a role in the perception of bitterness
- ASTN2 (astrotactin 2)- assists in release of neuronal adhesion during neuronal locomotion
- CDH9 (cadherin 9, type 2)- calcium dependent cell adhesion proteins
- DBX1 (developing brain homobox 1)- role in patterning the central nervous system during embryogenesis
- FBXO40 (F-box protein 40)- ubiquitin ligand pathway
- CDH8 (cadherin 8, type 2)- calcium dependent cell adhesion proteins
- CNTN4 (contactin 4)- mediate cell surface interactions during nervous system development
- CDH10 (cadherin 10, type 2)- calcium dependent cell adhesion proteins
- NLGN4X (neuroligin 4)- neuronal cell surface protein
SEMA5A Protein Interaction Network
String Database was used to collect data for and create the SEMA5A interaction network. The protein interaction results are derived from genomic context, high-throughput experiments, (conserved) coexpression, and previous knowledge [2].
Figure 1. SEMA5A protein interaction network. (Click to enlarge)
SEMA5A is clearly interacting with genes involved in early development, specifically in brain and neuronal development. These results are expected according to previous SEMA5A research discussed. SEMA5A interaction with a taste receptor gene (TAS2R1) for the perception of bitterness was an unexpected result. After further research, it became apparent that TAS2R1 is also located on chromosome 5. Additionally, the chromosomal region between SEMA5A and TAS2R1 has high association with Autism heritability [3].
Another interesting finding is the interaction of SEMA5A and F-box protein 40 (FBXO40) gene. Modifications to the ubiquitin pathway have been linked to several diseases/disorders, such as neurodegenerative disorders, Angelman syndrome, Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome, Fanconi anemia, and 3-M syndrome [4].
Another interesting finding is the interaction of SEMA5A and F-box protein 40 (FBXO40) gene. Modifications to the ubiquitin pathway have been linked to several diseases/disorders, such as neurodegenerative disorders, Angelman syndrome, Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome, Fanconi anemia, and 3-M syndrome [4].
Discussion
The results from the interaction network are consistent with previous research regarding SEMA5A involvement in brain/neuron development and vascularization patterning during development. It is logical that SEMA5A interacts with genes involved with cell adhesion proteins because of the role of SEMA5A in vascularization and the localization of SEMA5A to the cell membrane (according to the GO terms).
Interesting findings included the interaction of SEMA5A with FBXO40 (involved in the ubiquitin ligand pathway) and TAS2R1 (involved in the perception of bitterness). More research in regards to the functional interaction of FBXO40 and SEMA5A could potentially give interesting results.
Interesting findings included the interaction of SEMA5A with FBXO40 (involved in the ubiquitin ligand pathway) and TAS2R1 (involved in the perception of bitterness). More research in regards to the functional interaction of FBXO40 and SEMA5A could potentially give interesting results.
Reference
[1] Vazquez A. Protein Interaction Networks. In: Alzate O, editor. Neuroproteomics. Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press; 2010. Chapter 8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK56024/
[2] "STRING: Functional Protein Association Networks." STRING: Functional Protein Association Networks. Web. 27 Apr. 2015.
[3] Weiss, Lauren A., Dan E. Arking, and The Gene Discovery Project of Johns Hopkins the Autism Consortium. “A GENOME-WIDE LINKAGE AND ASSOCIATION SCAN REVEALS NOVEL LOCI FOR AUTISM.” Nature461.7265 (2009): 802–808. PMC. Web. 28 Apr. 2015.
[4] "Ubiquitin." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation. Web. 28 Apr. 2015.
[2] "STRING: Functional Protein Association Networks." STRING: Functional Protein Association Networks. Web. 27 Apr. 2015.
[3] Weiss, Lauren A., Dan E. Arking, and The Gene Discovery Project of Johns Hopkins the Autism Consortium. “A GENOME-WIDE LINKAGE AND ASSOCIATION SCAN REVEALS NOVEL LOCI FOR AUTISM.” Nature461.7265 (2009): 802–808. PMC. Web. 28 Apr. 2015.
[4] "Ubiquitin." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation. Web. 28 Apr. 2015.
Michaela Cline [email protected] Updated: 4.27.2015 Genetics 564